Do Varicoceles Cause Infertility?

Many men have enlarged veins in their scrotum. The scrotum is the sac that houses the testicles or testes. Doctors call these enlarged veins found in the testicles varicoceles. Many men with varicoceles do not show any symptoms, but some can have fertility problems.

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Some studies show that treating varicoceles can improve fertility. However, a systematic review suggests that the available evidence is scant and that doctors should do more research on this topic.

When Does the Problem of Varicocele Occur?
What Does the Research Say?
Improving Fertility by Treating Varicocele
Takeaway

When Does the Problem of Varicocele Occur?

Varicocele occurs when a bulge forms inside the testicle due to enlarged veins. When someone has a varicocele, they may also experience swelling and tenderness in the testicles. Scrotal swelling usually looks like a bulge on top of the testicle.

A pampiniform plexus is a group of nerves inside the testicle. These veins help cool the blood before it reaches the testicular artery. The testicular artery supplies blood to the testicles. If the testicles are too hot, they may not be able to make healthy sperm. The health of the sperm affects the fertility of the individual, so the blood must flow through the veins in a cool manner.

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What Does the Research Say?

A 2014 study collected data from 816 men affected by infertility and found that almost a third had varicoceles. These results suggest that varicoceles can sometimes cause male infertility, but not always.

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Improving Fertility by Treating Varicocele

So far, studies in this regard have yielded mixed results. A 2012 meta-analysis found some evidence that treating varicoceles can improve fertility, especially if the cause of infertility in a couple is unknown. However, the researchers also cautioned that the current evidence is not sufficient, so much more research is needed to reach any conclusions.

The main concern with varicoceles is that the bulging of the veins can damage the sperm and reduce the sperm count. Varicoceles are not expected to cause infertility in men with an average sperm count.

When a couple is unable to conceive, it is important to have a variety of tests, including sperm count, and not assume that the varicocele is the only cause.

(Read More - Male fertility test)

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Takeaway

Very little research has been done regarding varicocele and infertility, and in all the research that has been done, it is believed that varicocele can cause infertility. Sperm formation is affected due to varicocele. Nevertheless, scientists say that only varicocele cannot be the only reason behind male infertility.

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