Male Infertility - Symptoms and Causes

Around 1 in 7 couples worldwide are infertile, meaning they have not been able to conceive. A couple is considered infertile if they are unable to conceive after a year or more of frequent, unprotected sex. In half of these couples, male infertility is the cause.

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Male infertility can be caused by a lack of sperm, abnormal sperm function, or blockages. Illness, injury, chronic health problems, poor lifestyle choices, and other factors can contribute to male infertility. The inability to conceive can be stressful and frustrating, but there are many treatments available for male infertility -

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How common is male infertility in India?
Takeaway
Male infertility cure
Male Infertility Tests and Diagnosis
Preventing Male Infertility
Male Infertility Causes
Male Infertility Symptoms

Doctors for Male Infertility - Symptoms and Causes

How common is male infertility in India?

The problem of infertility has been a concern for ages and continues to be an important clinical problem even today. It affects 8-12% of couples worldwide. Of all the infertility cases, about 40-50% of the cases are due to male infertility.

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Takeaway

Like women, men can also have infertility problems. A decrease in sperm count, a lump around the testicle, etc. are considered to be its symptoms. On the other hand, genetic disorders, sexually transmitted diseases and varicose, etc. have been considered as the cause of male infertility. In this case, it can be detected through tests like hormones and ultrasound. Wherein, talking about treatment, hormone replacement, surgery, or infection is cured. If any man feels that he is a victim of infertility, then he should consult a doctor and get his proper treatment done.

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Male infertility cure

There are many treatment methods available to overcome infertility in men. In cases of infertility, the female partner should also be examined. Following are the ways to treat infertility in men -

Assisted Reproductive Technology

This is also called ART. This involves obtaining sperm through normal ejaculation, surgical extraction, or from a donor. After this, the sperm is inserted into the female genital tract.

In some rare cases, male infertility cannot be treated. In such a situation, doctors recommend taking sperm from a donor or adopting a child.

Hormone Treatment and Medications

Your doctor may prescribe hormone replacement or medications if you have too much or too little of a hormone in your body or if there is a problem with the way it functions.

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Treating Sex Problems

Fertility-related ailments such as erectile dysfunction or premature ejaculation can be treated with medications and counseling.

Treatment of Infection

Antibiotic treatment can cure an infection of the reproductive system but it is unable to restore fertility in every case.

Surgery

Varicocele can be treated with surgery. Sperm retrieval techniques involve the direct insertion of sperm into the testicles or through the epididymis if sperm are not present in the ejaculate.

Male Infertility Tests and Diagnosis

There can be more than one reason for infertility in men, so both men and women should undergo fertility tests. There are many tests to detect infertility, which include the following tests -

Scrotal Ultrasound

Scrotal ultrasound helps the doctor find out about blockages or other problems in the testicle and supporting structures. This can detect any problem inside the testicles or in the supporting structure.

Testicular Biopsy

In this test, samples are taken from the testicle with the help of a needle. If sperm production is normal in the testicular biopsy, it means that there is a blockage or some other problem related to the movement of sperm due to infertility in the male.

Genetic Test

Due to some genetic reason, the sperm count can also be reduced. It can be detected by a blood test that due to genetic reasons, infertility is occurring in the male. Genetic testing is done to detect many congenital or genetic syndromes.

Post-Ejaculation Urinalysis

Sperms present in the urine can be used to determine if sperm are going back into the bladder during ejaculation instead of coming out of the penis.

Examination of Hormones

Hormones are produced by the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and testicles and play an important role in the sexual development and production of sperm. Other hormonal or organ function abnormalities can also result in infertility. Blood tests are done to measure the level of testosterone and other hormones.

Semen test

A sample of men's semen is taken to test semen. Men can provide a semen sample through masturbation or ejaculation into a container at the doctor's clinic. Due to religious and cultural beliefs, some men prefer other methods of semen collection. In some cases, a semen sample is taken during sexual intercourse through a special type of condom.

The semen is then sent to a lab to check the sperm count and to check for abnormalities in shape and movement. Apart from this, infection, etc. in semen is also examined. If the semen level of men is normal, then before any other test, the doctor advises the fertility test of the female partner.

Apart from this, to detect infertility, the doctor may advise you to get many more tests done, which include the following tests -

General physical examination or any chronic disease

Under this test, the doctor examines your genitals and asks about factors affecting fertility, such as any genetic conditions, chronic diseases, diseases, injuries, or surgeries. The doctor may also ask you about your sexual habits and sexual development during puberty.

Preventing Male Infertility

Many types of infertility in men cannot be prevented. However, still, by staying away from some things, men can avoid the problem of infertility. such as -

Do not smoke.
Reduce or completely stop drinking alcohol.
Don't use illegal drugs.
Keep the weight balanced.
Don't get sterilized.
Avoid prolonged exposure to heat on the testicles.
Stay away from stress.
Stay away from pesticides, heavy metals, and other toxic substances.

Male Infertility Causes

Reasons for infertility in men can be as follows -

In more than 90 percent of men, the cause of infertility is poor quality and low sperm count. Apart from this, due to any physical illness, imbalance in hormones, and genetic disorder, there can be a problem of infertility in men.
Firstly, male infertility is related to the development and structure of the genitals during the age of puberty. In men, at least one testicle must function properly and the body must be able to make testosterone and other hormones to trigger and maintain sperm production.
It is necessary to produce a sufficient amount of sperm in the semen. If the sperm count in the semen is less then it makes it difficult for the woman to conceive. Low sperm count in semen is the cause of infertility in men.
Sperm should be mobile and able to move from one place to another. If the sperm function or movement is abnormal, then the sperms are unable to reach the partner's egg. Infertility can also occur in men due to the non-functioning of the sperm.
Varicoceles can also cause infertility in men. In this, due to swelling of the veins, the testicles dry up. The exact cause of infertility due to varicocele is not yet known. The quality of sperm is also affected by varicocele.
Some infections affect sperm production or sperm quality. Due to this, a wound can be formed which closes the path of sperm. This can happen due to gonorrhea, HIV, or any sexually transmitted infection.
Anti-sperm antibodies are thought to be cells of the immune system. These antibodies mistake the sperm as harmful to the body and then try to destroy it. Because of this, infertility can also occur in men.
Cancer or malignant tumors can also cause direct damage to the reproductive organs of men. Tumors or cancer can affect the glands that secrete hormones related to reproduction, which can cause infertility in men. In some cases, surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy to treat the tumor can also affect male fertility.
An imbalance in hormones can also increase infertility in men. Low testosterone and an imbalance in other hormones can lead to infertility in men.
Many tubes in the bodywork to take the sperm from one place to another. Due to many reasons such as injury from surgery, and infection, these tubes can be closed due to which the testicles dry up.
The condition of not being able to have an erection for sexual intercourse can also cause infertility. There can be problems like erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and pain during sex.
Being sensitive to gluten can also reduce male fertility. This problem can be avoided by reducing the amount of gluten in your diet.
Testosterone replacement therapy, long-term use of anabolic steroids, cancer drugs, anti-fungal drugs, and some ulcer drugs can also decrease fertility in men.

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