Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Dr. Ayush PandeyMBBS,PG Diploma

December 01, 2018

December 20, 2022

Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Problem of diabetes can happen to anyone, and it has an incurable disease. If someone is suffering from diabetes, then it can be controlled by taking medicines on the doctor's advice and with a balanced lifestyle. At the same time, uncontrolled diabetes can lead to many health problems, including diabetic foot ulcer. Swelling and pain, etc are considered to be diabetic foot ulcer symptoms. On the other hand, antibiotic medicine and ozone therapy is the diabetic foot ulcer treatment.

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Today in this article, you will know the diabetic foot ulcer symptoms, causes, and treatment -

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What is a diabetic foot ulcer?

A diabetic foot ulcer is a common yet major complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Normally, the healing of a wound is a stepwise process of repairing the lost extracellular matrix. However, some disorders interrupt this normal process of healing. This leads to prolonged healing of the wound. Diabetes mellitus is one such disorder that interferes with the healing process by delaying the formation of healthy granulation (regeneration) tissue.

Further, we are explaining the diabetic foot ulcer symptoms.

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Diabetic Foot Ulcer Symptoms

Diabetic foot ulcer may not always be painful. If the nerves involved are not damaged, then there the person would experience pain. Since it is a serious condition, it should be treated immediately. A diabetic foot ulcer symptom looks like a red crater with a border of thickened skin. In severe cases, this red crater goes very deep, involving the underlying tendons, and bone. There may be swelling, heat, and pain due to inflammation. In late stages, discharges, foul odor, and discolored granulation tissue are seen.

Next section of this article you will know about the diabetic foot ulcer causes.

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Diabetic Foot Ulcer Causes and Risk Factors

A diabetic foot ulcer is most commonly seen in patients who use insulin. Being overweight, tobacco use and alcohol intake are risk factors that worsen the diabetic ulcer. Sometimes, you may not notice the ulcer due to loss of sensation in that area. Poor blood circulation further aggravates the condition by interfering with the repair.

It begins as a small ulcer, which usually goes unnoticed due to lack of sensation, and develops to form a deep diabetic ulcer. If left untreated for a long, infection of the ulcer may set in and result in pus (abscess) formation. This abscess can lead to an infection of the bone called osteomyelitis. Further delay in treatment can cause gangrene of the affected area, which means the foot might have to be amputated.

Now, we are explaining the diabetic foot ulcer treatment and diagnosis.

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Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diagnosis

Generally, doctors diagnose diabetic foot ulcer by examining the wound. Your doctor will check your blood sugar levels and your walking pattern to check for pressure points on your foot, and reflexes, and also test the sensation in the feet.

Your doctor may advise the following tests -

Let's check the diabetic foot ulcer treatment.

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Diabetic Foot Ulcer Treatment

Strict control of blood sugar levels is the first step in promoting the healing of the foot ulcer. The main aim in the treatment of foot ulcer is to promote healing as early as possible so that the chances of wound infection are reduced. Using various methods, the pressure over this ulcer is relieved and the dead tissues are removed. The wound should be kept covered to prevent infection of the ulcer.

Other methods of treating diabetic foot ulcer are -

  • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
  • Negative pressure wound therapy
  • Revascularisation of the debrided area
  • Ozone therapy
  • Loading off of pressure
  • Medications like antibiotics to control infection.

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References

  1. Kleopatra Alexiadou, John Doupis. Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Diabetes Ther. 2012 Dec; 3(1): 4. PMID: 22529027
  2. David G. Armstrong. Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Prevention, Diagnosis and Classification. Am Fam Physician. 1998 Mar 15;57(6):1325-1332. American Academy of Family Physicians; [Internet]
  3. American Podiatric Medical Association. What is a Diabetic Foot Ulcer?. Advancing Foot and Ankle Medicine and Surgery; [Internet]
  4. Sue E. Gardner et al. Clinical Signs of Infection in Diabetic Foot Ulcers with High Microbial Load. Biol Res Nurs. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 Oct 1. PMID: 19147524
  5. Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, et al. The Diabetic Foot. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): Inc.; 2000-.

Doctors for Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Dr. Narayanan N K Dr. Narayanan N K Endocrinology
16 Years of Experience
Dr. Tanmay Bharani Dr. Tanmay Bharani Endocrinology
15 Years of Experience
Dr. Sunil Kumar Mishra Dr. Sunil Kumar Mishra Endocrinology
23 Years of Experience
Dr. Parjeet Kaur Dr. Parjeet Kaur Endocrinology
19 Years of Experience
Consult a Doctor

Medicines for Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Medicines listed below are available for Diabetic Foot Ulcer. Please note that you should not take any medicines without doctor consultation. Taking any medicine without doctor's consultation can cause serious problems.

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