Diabetic Coma - Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

When diabetes occurs, the level of blood sugar in a person increases. When the blood sugar level is high, a person may have to face many problems. This can cause a diabetic coma. When the blood sugar level is high, the person urinates frequently. Because of this, the person starts getting dehydrated. Dehydration can become the main cause of diabetic coma. Diabetic coma usually affects people with type 2 diabetes. Apart from this, diabetic coma is also common in elderly, chronically ill people.

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Today in this article, you will know in detail about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of diabetic coma -

(Read More - Type 2 Diabetes Treatment)

What is diabetic coma?
Diabetic coma symptoms
Diabetic coma causes
Diabetic coma treatment
How to avoid diabetic coma?
Takeaway

Doctors for Diabetic Coma - Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

What is diabetic coma?

Diabetic coma can be fatal. If one has diabetes, dangerously high blood sugar or low blood sugar can lead to diabetic coma. Diabetic coma can occur when the blood sugar level becomes too high or too low. In this situation, the body of the person becomes very dehydrated. If diabetic coma is not treated on time, then the person may also die.

(Read More - Home Remedies for Diabetes)

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Diabetic coma symptoms

Diabetic coma can occur in both high blood sugar and low blood sugar conditions. Therefore, its symptoms depend on the conditions. If one's blood sugar level remains high, then he may experience the following symptoms in a diabetic coma -

If someone's blood sugar level has become very low, then even in this situation diabetic coma can occur, the symptoms of which can be as follows -

Worry
Fatigue
Drowsiness
Weakness
To sweat
Starving
Tingling sensation on the skin
Dizzy
Having difficulty speaking
To be delusional
Unconsciousness

(Read More - Type 1 Diabetes Treatment)

Diabetic coma causes

Diabetic coma can be caused due to many reasons. When the blood sugar level is high in diabetes patients, it worsens the condition of the person. Complications due to diabetes can lead to coma. These include -

Diabetic ketoacidosis

The problem of diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when the level of blood acids called ketones in the body is high. This condition develops when the body is unable to produce enough insulin. Insulin plays an important role in allowing glucose to enter the cells. Glucose is the major source of energy for muscles and other tissues. In the absence of sufficient insulin, the body starts using fat as fuel. Due to this process, blood acids called ketones start increasing in the blood. If it is not recognized and treated on time, it can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis, which can lead to a condition like a diabetic coma.

(Read More - What is prediabetes)

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Diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome

If the blood sugar level goes above 600 mg/dL or 33.3 mmol/L, the condition is called a diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome. When blood sugar is high, the excess sugar is passed from the blood into the urine. This triggers a process that draws large amounts of fluid out of the body. If left untreated, it can lead to life-threatening dehydration and diabetic coma.

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Hypoglycemia

The brain needs glucose to function. Severe hypoglycemia means the patient may faint if the blood sugar level is too low. The problem of low blood sugar can be due to excess insulin or not eating enough food. This can also happen due to excessive exercise or drinking alcohol, due to which a condition like diabetic coma can occur.

Other causes of diabetic coma can be as follows -

Dehydration
Infection
Heart attack
Kidney failure
Certain medicines (diuretics, heart medicines, or steroids)
Bleeding
Clcers
Blood clot
Uncontrolled blood sugar

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Diabetic coma treatment

A person in a diabetic coma needs emergency medical treatment. The treatment of diabetic coma depends on the level of blood sugar.

If someone's blood sugar level is high, then take a liquid diet. Along with this, the doctor can also advise the patient to take potassium, sodium, or phosphate supplements. These help the cells to run properly.
If someone's blood sugar level is very low, then the doctor can inject glucagon. This will increase blood sugar rapidly. This will give relief to the symptoms of diabetic coma. Glucagon injection is given when the blood sugar level is less than 70 mg/dL. In this situation, the doctor can also give intravenous dextrose to increase blood sugar. A person should not be given insulin when blood sugar is low.

(Read More - How is Diabetes Managed)

How to avoid diabetic coma?

Avoiding diabetic coma is easy. For this, it is necessary to keep some things in mind -

Try to keep the blood sugar level normal.
Take special care of your diet for this.
Being physically active means exercising daily.
Yoga and Pranayama must also be done.
Try to be stress-free.
Get a full night's sleep, but also avoid oversleeping.
Must drink 8-10 glasses of water daily. This will keep the body hydrated throughout the day.

(Read More - Ayurvedic treatment for Diabetes)

Takeaway

A diabetic coma is a medical emergency. If someone's blood sugar level is high or low, then he may have this problem. This problem is seen more in those people, in whom the level of blood sugar is not under control. This can be fatal. Therefore, if you experience symptoms like weakness, high fever, headache, restlessness, difficulty in speaking along with high or low blood sugar, do not ignore them at all. Consult a doctor immediately in these situations.